The Mineral and Petroleum Resources Royalty Act will come into effect on 1 March next year. However, the issue of unfair payments of double royalties by certain companies to communities as well as the state will remain problematic. Consideration of offset agreements is required in order to prevent possible legal action by affected mining houses, or, worse still, preventing a lack of income by communities who have become reliant on royalty payments. The need to ring-fence royalties to benefit mining communities or major labour-sending areas should also be strongly considered.