. A rethought policy focusing perhaps on specific issues such as infrastructure should be considered. South Africa can be a champion of the rethought process. . South Africa and SADC should comprehensively implement the Free Trade Area. . Member states should strive to reduce costs of doing business. . SADC should change its competitiveness agenda (infrastructure and supply-side measures). . Member states should reinvent the SADCC spirit, a rules-based approach to processes of the organisation. . COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite mechanism offers opportunities through market integration, infrastructure, and industrial development.