The programme has had positive outcomes towards alleviation of poverty. A study commissioned by the department and SASSA suggests that the CSG has positive outcomes in reducing poverty, enhancing better academic performance and reducing risky behaviour among its recipients. Furthermore, through this programme, South Africa has effectively more than halved the population living below the poverty line of $1 a day from 11.3% in 2000 to 5% in 2006. The poverty gap ratio declined from 3.3 in 2000 to 1.1 in 2006 at the $1 per person per day.