4.3.2 The acute shortage of artisans has a debilitating effect on rehabilitation, and, ultimately, reintegration efforts. Skills in trades will enable parolees and ex-offenders to create their own opportunities, making it easier for them to make a living in an environment that still greatly discriminates against even rehabilitated offenders. The DCS should provide an update on efforts to attract and retain more artisans, and particularly on ways in which the OSD for artisans may be re-negotiated.