Kenya gained its independence in 1963. Originally it had 7 provinces but without local government. In the 1980s the economy was not performing, and in the 1990s Kenyans were calling for reforms. In August 2010 a new Constitution was passed, with general elections held in March this year creating two spheres of government, national and 47 counties. It is now a Presidential system rather than a Parliamentary system with the President Head of State as well as the Head of Government, and directly elected. The President and Deputy President are not Members of Parliament.