What president O R Tambo was telling the world was that the ANC's struggle, even with arms in hand, was for human rights, democracy, peace and justice. The 16 December 1943 conference of the ANC, held in Bloemfontein, adopted, amongst others, as part of the Africans' Claims in South Africa document, a bill of rights. Presenting the Africans' Claims document, Dr Xuma had this to say: