Article 9: Fair trial A judge must- (a) resolve disputes by making findings of fact and applying the appropriate law in a fair hearing, which includes the duty to- (i) observe the letter and spirit of the audi alteram partem rule; (ii) remain manifestly impartial; and (iii) give adequate reasons for any decision; (b) in conducting judicial proceedings- (i) maintain order; (ii) act in accordance with commonly accepted decorum; and (iii) remain patient and courteous to legal practitioners, parties and the public, and require them to act likewise; (c) manage legal proceedings in such a way as to- (i) expedite their conclusion as cost-effectively as possible; and (ii) not shift the responsibility to hear and decide a matter to another judge; (d) not exert undue influence in order to promote a settlement or obtain a concession from any party.