In this context, the balkanised apartheid era institutions had to be amalgamated into a single democratic nonracial system. Post-apartheid South Africa needed reformed governance system that would allow all South Africans to claim political and social ownership of the country. This also meant changing the system of governance to be geared towards transformation by addressing the legacy of apartheid. There was a need to modernise the public service to make it more efficient, effective, accountable and people centred, so that it would be able to fulfil its transformative role.