Articles 2 and 16 of UNCAT oblige its state party to take effective measures to prevent acts of torture and while we ratified this in 2006 as the hon Skosana pointed out, it took us another seven years to ultimately criminalise torture in South Africa. Talking about the national preventative mechanism it is so that there is now a co- ordinating function for the South African Human Rights Commission and that other existing institution like the Judicial Inspectorate for presence, Independent Policing Investigative Directorate, the Office of the Health Standards Compliance, other Chapter 9s, the Military Ombudsman and the Health Ombud, could all be involved in this.