In an interesting paper an academic who reviews the developmental states and their projects over their last 30 or 40 years says the following: Firstly, what do we know about the developmental states and why they emerged? Secondly, what have developmental states have achieved? And in answering this question, I looked not only at the growth but also at structural transformation, economic upgrading, equity and human capability enhancement. Thirdly, how did the developmental states utilise state structures to pursue the development? And these are circumstances in which we share many of the idiosyncrasies of the states that have been previously described as developmental states, high-levels of inequality, poverty, underdevelopment and an economy that is not functioning at its optimal.